|
Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield (1584 – 12 September 1656) was an English nobleman, aristocrat and royalist, who was created the first Earl of Chesterfield by King Charles I in 1628. ==Biography== Stanhope was the only son of Sir John Stanhope of Shelford, Nottinghamshire by his first wife, Cordell Allington, but was raised by his father's second wife, Catherine Trentham (d.1621). Stanhope was knighted in 1605 by James I. On 7 November 1616, he was created Baron Stanhope of Shelford and was further elevated as Earl of Chesterfield on 4 August 1628.〔''Collin's Peerage of England'' by Sir Egerton Brydges, K.J.: in nine volumes: VOL. III 1812: ''Earl of Chesterfield'': pp. 421- 433〕 Leading up to the English Civil War, Chesterfield was summoned to Parliament in 1640 and took the side of King Charles I in the threatening conflict. When the conflict broke out he and his sons took up arms. Shelford Manor, his home in Nottinghamshire, was garrisoned under the command of his son Philip. The house was attacked and his son lost his life defending it on 27 October 1645. The Parliamentarian army took the house and burnt it to the ground. Chesterfield, with an army of some 300 gentlemen and supporters sometime earlier had taken Lichfield for the King. They were attacked by a force led by Sir John Gell and Lord Brooke with 200 men and cannon. Lord Brooke was killed in the encounter on 2 March 1643. Chesterfield's forces were forced to surrender and were made prisoner. Chesterfield himself was imprisoned and died still in captivity on 12 September 1656, some three and a half years before the Restoration in 1660. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|